Saturday, February 05, 2022

Krisha and Kamsa - Notebook 2

Conversion by the sword, baptism in the sand.

 The leader spoke to Kamsa.

 “As a captive of the Uttara, you have two choices: either you become one of us, adopting us as your brothers, working only for the good of the tribe, killing the enemies of the tribe, sharing equally the burdens and the profits, or you can die here in the desert, by the sword or in the sand. It is up to you to choose”.

 Kamsa chose the sword.


 

“You shall at least die like a man”.
Goliath, to David.

Kamsa was led to the edge of the compound and given a sword. The champion of the Uttara approached. They fought.

Kamsa’s training in the arts of war served him well. After some preliminary feints, thrusts, and parries, gauging the strengths and tactics of his opponent, Kamsa attacked, and soon had him at his mercy. Kamsa, sword raised and prised for the mortal strike, looked around him as saw the rest of the tribe, weapons at their hips, and beyond them only the gentle rise and fall of the dunes. He thrust his sword deep into the sand, and said in his native tongue, “I accept you, my brothers”.

 

 

Kamsa became versed in the ways of the Uttara. The man he defeated, Kura, was the son of the chief. Kamsa, Kura, and Kura’s sister, Vaisti, spent much time together.

 

An epic as a short story

Scale

Man – God                          Kamsa – Krishna

Tribe – State                      Uttara – Dwarka

Emperor – King                 Court – Castle

Human – Ideal                   Peasant – King

 

Kamsa is not actually the prince. He is really the son of his nanny, substituted for the prince at birth and sent to fulfill the tribute.

 

“I am the man born to be king”

 

The Uttara were free; they struck their tents, loaded their camels, and were gone, leaving only footprints.

 

They travelled to the great market of Jaisalmer, three days to the north, a sand brown city rising out of the desert like a glittering flat-topped mountain. It was one of the great meeting points; like Timbucktu or Constantinople it drew merchants, goods, and wealth from an entire continent and beyond, and in its streets are heard the babble of a hundred languages all translated into the clink of gold coins. The streets entering the city are lined with merchants displaying their wares; textiles and dyed fabrics, spices, worked metals, perfumes, rubies, emeralds, and diamonds, the booty of a thousand wars and production of entire villages. Nearer the market the crowd became denser; locals hawking food and beds, prasad and soma. Finally, one reached the central square, where the market bargained and bartered, the Jain merchants looked down from the verandas of the mansions and smelled the enticing scent of commerce and profit.

 

Inside the haveli is was dark and cool. An inner courtyard and atrium gave one a view of the pale blue sky and a slight breeze. The outer walls of the haveli slanted out, sheltering the ground from the sun, and each window wore a hood, so that direct light would never penetrate. The floors were cool smooth stone, washed by a woman on her hands and knees every morning. The house awoke around dawn and bathed in the water from the well, drilled 200 ft into the earth in the middle of the inner courtyard and giving ferrous and slightly cloudy water. They drank hot spiced tea, leaves from the hills and milk from the grasslands. In the afternoon they slept like animals, prostrate from the heat. In the evening the concluded the business of the day and ate a meal of curried vegetables and unleavened bread. At night they lit oil lamps and reclined on bolsters and cushions under the stars. The men recline and watch the young lightly clad women singers and dancers while drinking deep blue wine from Rome, or smoking opium from the poppy fields of Myanmar, and playing games of skill or dice. It was a crescent moon.

 

In the desert you cannot refuse a man water or his camels feed.

 

Kamsa, Kura, and Vaisti played together every day. Kamsa and Kura were almost the same age and Vaisti was two years younger. Kamsa and Kura would shoot at targets, competing for bulls eyes,and Vaisti would run and retrieve the errant shots. They would play a game of hide and seek called stalk, in which two of them would be assassins and one would be the victim. Sometimes they would play spy, and concealing themselves, would watch someone all day, discovering their comings, goings, and habits. This made the privy to many adult secrets, which they shared among themselves as a bond, amin much giggling and impersonation. Sometimes they would take a camel and go exploring; Kura in front and Kamsa in back and Vaisti held between them, carrying a skin filled with water and lunch wrappe din palm leaves, and go far from the camp, stopping in the afternoon and sleeping in the shade of the hobbled camel, the three of them curled around each other, sleeping the calm sweet breathed sleep of children. They saw antelope and deer and snakes sleeping in the sun, bulging in the middle with the half-digested remains of a desert rat, packs of wild dogs, and vultures, soaring on thermal currents, spiralling ever upwards into the blistering sun.

Kamsa was 14 years old.

 

Kamsa lived among the Uttara for a year and a half. His skin, which had been pale in the reflected glory of the court, became dark. He clothed himself as the Uttara did, ate their food, spoke in the dialect of the tribe. He never told anyone the secret of his birth, they never asked. They treated him as a member, he regarded them as his brothers. He had been adopted by the chief of the tribe; he lived with Kura and Vaisti.

Kamsa was then 16.

There was news of a giant caravan, laden with riches, approaching from an oasis two days away. A raiding party was quickly organized and sent to intercept the train. Kura and Kamsa were selected to lead the party.

One’s experiments are confined by the available materials.

Many pages on the history of the Uttara tribe. Not good, omitted.

Societies, when resources have firmly defined possibilities and have grown to maturity, generate splinter groups, colonizers, rebels. This partition is natural.

Plot Summary (in chronological order)

 

Jayesh rules Dwarka, a petty kingdom in India, at an unspecified historical time. He must pay a tribute to the emperor (by suggestion, a Mughal). One of the forms this tribute takes is that the heir apparent must reside in the emperor’s court util he reaches the age of succession.

 

Jayesh’s wife is pregnant. They are no longer young, and do not want to give up their child. One of the palace servants is also pregnant, with a similar due date. When the children are born, they exchange the babies. The servant, not wishing to be separated from her child, is sent along to the emperor’s court in the role of wet nurse to the prince.

 

Kamsa, as the child is named, grows up in the imperial court, never knowing he is not the real prince. He receives a Mughal classical education while retaining the cultural habits of Dwarka. He studies the arts of war as well as philosophy and law. He is much impressed by the glory of the imperial court.

 

When Kamsa and Akayla (the true prince) are 12, Jayesh breaks peace with the emperor, does not pay the tribute, and establishes Akayla as the crown prince. Kamsa’s nanny hears of this and sends Kamsa off with a trader, telling him the secret of his birth, that he is actually her son (fathered by the king?) and switched at birth with Akayla.

 

Kamsa flees with Al-Haroun, concealed in a bale of silk. On the third day the caravan is ambushed by a group of pirates called the Uttara. After being discovered in the booty, Kamsa is adopted by the tribe.

 

Akayla is cruel, autocratic, ostentatious, and hugely unpopular. Many believe that he is an imposter.

“What happened to the true prince, held by the emperor in tribute?”

“He was killed by the emperor himself.”

“I heard he escaped.”

“He is not Akayla in any case.”

 

Kamsa has never told the Uttara of his birth or past. One day, when the Uttara are in the market, selling their plunder, Kamsa is recognized. Propelled by the will of the people and the military might of the Uttara, Kamsa ascends the throne of Dwarka.

 

Kamsa’s character is shaped by dualities. He feels great affinity with the common people, regards them as his brothers, and expresses his love through democratic egalitarianism. The people perceive him as the man born to be king and express their love for him through a total allegiance to a hierarchical class system. Kamsa is a reformer and uses his popular mandate to implement his enlightened program of social equality. However, in doing so, in destroys his political base, the hierarchy which determines that he is king.

 

Kamsa is also limited by his inability to discard the imperial structure in which he was raised. His belief in the “benevolent dictator” and “philosopher king” co-exists with his knowledge that he is not truly the man born to be king, his pure idealism can only be sustained on the basis of a falsehood, he is not really who he is supposed to be. This is a dangerous secret, and he uses all his cruel and regal powers to protect it, subverting his social and political program.

 

The fundamental contradiction in Kamsa’s nature is an inability to perceive differences in scale. His ruling is based on an imperial model, having enormous wealth and power at the disposal of the king, yet he rules a petty principality, with limited means and resources. His social philosophy is base on a small tribe, without history, yet he rules over tens of thousands of people living in an ancient social framework.

 

Thus, the basic problem is a problem of scale.

 

The solution is the story itself, a tale of epic concerns: political, social, historical, religious, cultural, geographical, taken from a miniature episode in the great epic the Mahabharata, and expressed as a short story.

 

However, all this is merely a prelude to the story of the Mahabharata. The story in the Mahabharata is this.

 

Kamsa is a wicked tyrant. There is a prophecy that the son of his sister shall slay him. To protect himself, Kamsa systematically kills his sister’s children at birth. However, by a miracle, one of his nephews, Krishna, is born and is immediately transported to a village, where he grows up minding the cows, playing the flute, and seducing the girls of the village out in the fields.

 

Krishna eventually kills Kamsa and takes over the throne. There are two interesting parallels:

 

Krishna goes from being a commoner to being king, but this is totally correct.

 

In the Gita, Krishna reveals to Arjuna the secret of scale.

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